Natural resource extraction projects can have a polarizing effect on stakeholders.
Government agencies across Alaska use primarily one project delivery method (PDM), design-bid-build, to complete civil construction projects (roads, landfills, airports, etc.).
Tom Ravens and graduate student Garrett Yager completed a study (funded by the North Pacific Research Board) addressing the hydrodynamic and sediment transport impacts of the Endicott causeway on the North Slope of Alaska. Solid-filled causeways have been used along the Beaufort Sea coastline to support oil and gas drilling operations and to provide maritime access on a shallow coast.